The City of London
Marcus Roberts

Key Dates

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1066
Jews first settle in London, arriving with William the Conqueror from Rouen shortly after the Norman Conquest.
1093
A Jew in London is said to have been converted at Westminster and become a monk.
1096
Rouen pogrom brings in refugees who enlarge the London Jewry.
1096 - 1107
"Robert" another Jewish convert is recommended to the care of the Prior of Christ Church, Canterbury.
1127
The first definite mention of a Jewry in London.
1130
Jews of London are fined £2,000.
1136
London Jewry is burnt out.
1182
A pogrom, followed by fire, breaks out in the London Jewry.
1182
Jews are expelled from the royal domain of France and some come to live in London.
1186
The Guildford tallage on the Jews is levied, the first known in the records.
1189
London Jews are massacred on Richard I coronation.
1204
The king protects the Jews of London.
1210
The whole of Anglo-Jewry is imprisoned.
1213
A House of converts is established in Southwark.
1214
Jews are imprisoned and taxed again.
1215
London Jewry is sacked by the Barons during the Baron's war.
1226
A tallage of 4,000 Marks is charged.
1230
Another tallage of 6,000 Marks is levied.
1232
Confiscation of synagogue in London, which is given to the Brethren of St Anthony of Vienna.
1232
A House of Converts is established near the Jewry in London.
1232- 1234
Two more Tallages of 18,000 marks are exacted.
1237
Another tallage is exacted.
1239
All Jews are taxed to a total of one third of their property.
1241
The Parliament of the Jews is held.
1241
Jews are taxed 20,000 Marks.
1244
A blood libel occurs in London.
1244 - 1245
There are Jewish taxes of 20,000 marks and 60,000 Marks.
1246-7
there are two more taxes of 10,000 and 5,525 Marks.
1251-2
There are more taxes of 5,000 Marks of Silver and 40 of gold and a further 3,500 marks.
1253
Jews pay a tallage of 5,000 marks to be exempted of any other tallage for nine months!
1255
The Jews of England are sold to Earl Richard for a number of years.
1259
Another tallage of 5,000 marks is charged.
1264
Jews of London attacked (along with those of Northampton and Canterbury). A newly built synagogue is burnt down.
1265
Jews of England assigned to Prince Edward.
1272
The Jews of England are mortgaged to Earl of Cornwall.
1272
The main London synagogue is confiscated. It is complained that the continuous wailing howling and loud lamentations are disturbing the neighbouring Friars of the Sack.
1282
Other London synagogues are suppressed.
1290
General expulsion of Jews form England; the end of the London Jewry.
1655
Menasseh ben Israel arrives in London to negotiate the re-admission of the Jews to London and England.
1656
Jewish Murranos live and worship openly in London.
1657
The first English synagogue of the modern era is opened in London.
1664
The king promises to protect the Jews.
1665
The Sephardim make their constitution or Ascama.
1677
The Court of Alderman forbids the residence in London of poor Jews.
1690 circa
Ashkenazi Jews first arrive in London and start a community.
1697
The number of Jew Brokers on the London Stock Exchange limited to twelve.
1702
Bevis Marks synagogue is built in the City of London, now the oldest synagogue in England.
1704 -
There is a split in the congregation of the Great synagogue, led by Marcus Moses which eventually leads to the founding of the Hambro, synagogue.
1707
The Hambro' congregation acquire a burial ground at Hoxton.
1721 - 1726
Marcus Moses succeeds in building a new synagogue in his garden at Magpye Alley despite sustained opposition.
1722
The Great Synagogue is opened in London with much opposition.
1730
The Villa Real School is founded.
1732
There are anti-Semitic riots in London.
1732 -
The Talmud Torah School established at Dukes Place, later to become the Jews Free School.
1752
The "Jew Bill" or Jewish Naturalisation Act passed and repealed a year later.
1753
Jewish marriages are legalised.
1760
Board of Deputies is founded.
1790
Dukes Place synagogue built.
1797
Haymarket synagogue is established the first to be built outside of the City.
1830
The first Jewish Emancipation Bill is passed.
1831
Restriction on Jewish traders in the City lifted.
1833
econd Jewish emancipation Bill is passed.
1833
David Salomons is elected Sheriff of London and Middlesex.
1836
Salomons is elected an Alderman of the City of London.
1855
Salomons is elected first Jewish mayor of London.
1858
Francis Goldsmid is appointed the first Jewish QC.
1859
The Jewish Board of Guardians is founded to help increasing numbers of Jews in need.
1870
The United Synagogue is established.
1871
Sir George Jessel is the first Jew to be appointed a Minister of the Crown.
1873
Jessel is appointed first Jewish Judge and Privy Councilor.
1885
Lord Rothschild created the first Jewish Peer.
1905
The Alien Restriction Act is passed which curtails Jewish refugee immigration.
1939-45
The Second World War destroys much of the Jewish quarters of the Jewish East End. Many never return to bombed homes and businesses and move elsewhere.
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